A primeira experiência de aprendizado em serviço da residência multiprofissional de vigilância em saúde com cenário na vigilância ambiental do Distrito Federal

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: The Multiprofessional Residency Program in Health Surveillance (PRMVS) represents an innovative strategy for training professionals capable of working in complex public health contexts. In the Federal District, the integration of residents into Environmental Surveillance provided a unique service-based learning experience, integrating different fields of knowledge and professions. The work carried out within the structure of the Environmental Surveillance Directorate (DIVAL), specifically at the Environmental Zoonosis Surveillance Management Unit (GVAZ), enabled practical experiences in real-life health system situations. This experience was marked by technical-operational challenges and the need for intersectoral articulation, promoting the development of competencies and the production of knowledge applied to environmental surveillance. The active participation of residents fostered process innovation and improvements in the services provided, demonstrating the relevance of continuing health education. OBJECTIVES: To report the first service-based learning experience of PRMVS residents at DIVAL, highlighting the products developed, challenges faced, and contributions to both professional training and service improvement. METHOD: This is a descriptive experience report based on the experience of five PRMVS residents from Fiocruz Brasília, including three veterinarians, one public health professional, and one pharmacist. Activities were conducted between March 13 and September 16, 2024, under the supervision of the GVAZ manager at DIVAL, a nurse by training. The methodology was based on residents’ immersion in routine environmental surveillance activities, including technical visits, participation in planning meetings, collection and analysis of epidemiological data, and development of technical-scientific products. The experience was analyzed based on field records, activity reports, pedagogical supervision, and presentations conducted throughout the program. RESULTS: During the experience period, residents carried out several activities that resulted in significant contributions to environmental surveillance in the Federal District. Key outcomes included the automation of work processes related to tabulation and analysis of Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis (CVL) data, the development of an epidemiological bulletin on the disease, and the implementation of epidemiological reports on animal rabies, as well as other technical documents. Vaccination-blocking actions in domestic animals were also carried out following the detection of positive rabies cases in bats, in addition to the planning and implementation of the 2024 Federal District Anti-Rabies Vaccination Campaign, using a dynamic dashboard for real-time campaign data analysis. Furthermore, the residents produced and presented three scientific studies at the Brazilian Congress of Epidemiology (Epi 2024), with the themes: “Prevalence of Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis in the Federal District,” “Distribution of Triatomines Collected under Passive Surveillance in the Federal District,” and “Investigation of Rabies in Bats in a Locality of the Federal District.” DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: The residents’ service-based learning experience demonstrated the strength of multiprofessional residency programs as a training tool in health surveillance. The integration between education and service promoted the qualification of practices and the production of applied knowledge, generating positive impacts both on the residents’ professional development and on the structure and processes of local environmental surveillance. The findings indicate that the qualified integration of residents can significantly contribute to strengthening the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS) through innovation in practices and the promotion of effective public health actions.