Abstract
Introduction: In the hospital setting, Antimicrobials (ATM) are the second most commonly used therapeutic class in clinical practice, and their consumption significantly impacts the hospital budget. Additionally, this class of medications is associated with the risk of bacterial resistance due to indiscriminate use. Irrational use favors increased morbidity, mortality, length of hospital stay, and treatment costs. Objective: To compare the profile of antimicrobial consumption between the Emergency Department and Intensive Care Units (ICU) of a regional hospital. Methods: This descriptive study was conducted in a regional teaching hospital. Monthly data on ATM consumption from January to May 2019 were collected from the following sectors: Emergency (green, yellow, orange, red rooms, and medication room) with 42 installed beds (maximum capacity of 80 beds) and Intensive Care Units (01, 02, 03) with 29 beds. Data were collected through the electronic system available at the hospital. Results: The consumption of ATM in the Emergency Department totaled 17,436 units, with a total cost of R$ 162,597.61. Among the 33 ATMs used in this sector, the 5 most consumed were: Ceftriaxone sodium powder for injectable solution 1 g, Clindamycin injectable solution 150 mg/mL, Metronidazole injectable solution 5 mg/5mL, Ciprofloxacin injectable solution 2 mg/mL, and Oxacillin sodium powder for injectable solution 500 mg, with 5763, 2744, 1933, 1103, and 1051 units, respectively. The consumption of these 5 drugs corresponded to 12,594 units and 72.2% of the total used. In the ICUs, ATM consumption was 13,972 units, with a total cost of R$ 200,265.45. Among the 30 ATMs used in this sector, the five most consumed were: Piperacillin 4g + Tazobactam 500 mg, Meropenem 1 g, Ceftriaxone 1 g, Clindamycin 150 mg/mL, and Vancomycin 500 mg, with 1042, 633, 558, 553, and 307 units, respectively, corresponding to 69% of the total. Conclusion: The ICUs were the sectors with the highest expenses related to ATM consumption. This result can be justified by the higher cost of broad-spectrum ATMs, which are more commonly used in these sectors.
